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WCAG 2.2 / Inclusive Design / 04

Visual access and reflow

Test contrast, text spacing, zoom, motion, color independence, forced colors, and responsive reflow.

Time
70 min
Mode
Learn → Make → Check
Path
Accessibility

By the end, you can…

Visual access is more than contrast

Contrast helps text and controls remain distinguishable, but color cannot be the only signal for errors, status, or selection. Pair color with text, shape, iconography, or position.

At 400% zoom a desktop layout effectively becomes narrow. Content should reflow without two-dimensional scrolling for ordinary reading. Fixed heights, clipped text, and rigid columns often fail first.

Let user preferences win

Forced-colors mode may replace your palette. Use semantic borders and system colors where needed. Reduced motion should remove effects that imply movement through space or trigger discomfort.

Test with browser zoom, text-only spacing changes, high contrast, grayscale, and motion reduction. Do not infer accessibility from a design token’s name.

Your studio task

Make — Test at 200% and 400% zoom, forced colors, increased text spacing, and reduced motion.

  1. Identify every place color communicates meaning.
  2. Add a non-color cue and test contrast.
  3. Test 200% and 400% zoom plus text spacing.
  4. Enable forced colors and reduced motion, then repair lost meaning.
Definition of done

Nothing essential clips, overlaps, vanishes, or depends on color or animation alone.

Open the interactive lesson with its workspace ↗

Knowledge check

Which error treatment is most robust?
  1. A red border only
  2. A red border, error icon, and specific text linked to the field
  3. A brief shake animation
Reveal answer (B)

Multiple cues and an explicit message preserve meaning across visual conditions and assistive technology.

At 400% zoom, a well-built page should…
  1. Reflow without two-dimensional scrolling for reading
  2. Hide the navigation
  3. Remain pixel-identical
Reveal answer (A)

At 400% zoom the layout effectively narrows; content must reflow to fit.